Certified Surgical Technologist (CST) Practice Exam

What is the primary characteristic of a third-degree burn?

1. Redness and swelling

2. Blisters and pain

3. White or charred appearance

4. Dry and leathery appearance

The correct answer is: White or charred appearance

The primary characteristic of a third-degree burn is the presence of a white or charred appearance. This type of burn affects all layers of the skin, including the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissues. The destruction of the skin's layers leads to a significant loss of sensation in the affected area due to damage to nerve endings. Because a third-degree burn extends deep into the tissue, it can also appear dry and leathery, but the defining feature is the whitish or charred look, which indicates severe damage to the skin and underlying structures. This level of burn often necessitates surgical intervention, such as skin grafting, due to the extent of tissue destruction. The options mentioning redness and swelling, blisters, and pain are characteristics typically associated with first- and second-degree burns. First-degree burns cause redness and mild swelling, while second-degree burns create blisters and can be painful. However, the severity and appearance of a third-degree burn distinguish it clearly from these other types.